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壮乡广西上演民俗狂欢 千年“炮龙”舞动新春******
(新春走基层)壮乡广西上演民俗狂欢 千年“炮龙”舞动新春
中新网南宁2月1日电 题：壮乡广西上演民俗狂欢 千年“炮龙”舞动新春
中新网记者 黄艳梅
“我第一次体验中国的舞炮龙活动，太刺激了，好开心。”2月1日，中国农历正月十一，越南籍游客凌秋好与友人在“中国炮龙之乡”广西南宁市宾阳县体验了一场“东方狂欢节”，她直呼中国的春节好热闹，充满了“年味儿”。
舞炮龙活动现场人山人海。 俞靖 摄舞炮龙、炸炮龙、摸龙头、抢龙珠……当晚，具有1000多年历史的舞炮龙活动在宾阳县震撼上演，58条炮龙在县城宾州镇激情起舞，数十万民众及游客在爆竹声里炸龙祈福，“求乐、求财、求福、求平安、求吉祥”。
宾阳县地处广西中南部，舞炮龙习俗起源于北宋年间，是在当地庆贺添丁的传统习俗——灯酒节上发展而成的，是壮、汉民族文化交融的结晶，有“中华一绝”美称。
前来游玩的民众与炮龙合影留念。 陈沿佑 摄“炮震千山醒，龙腾百业兴。”宾阳县坊间认为，舞炮龙可以祛除晦气，带来雨水、丰收、吉祥和安定，寄托了民众祈求人丁兴旺、安居乐业、国泰民安的美好愿望。
“我从小就跟着长辈舞炮龙，这一习俗文化是刻在骨子里的。”宾阳县宾州镇三联社区居民陆锡才接受中新网记者采访时称，其舞炮龙已有20余年。今年，他所在的和翔社龙队共有40多人报名争抢舞炮龙。
“扎龙”老匠人邹玉特接受中新网记者采访时展示炮龙编扎工艺。 俞靖 摄炮龙是用竹篾、纸、布等材料扎成7至11节长30至40米的龙，被视为新年神物。宾阳炮龙特别讲究精气神，龙的五官、身形都严格按比例搭配。制作炮龙需要全程手工，工序有扎龙骨、粘龙皮、画龙身、贴龙鳞、染龙布、装龙珠等30多道。
游客参加舞炮龙活动。 俞靖 摄今年69岁的老匠人邹玉特是宾阳炮龙代表性传承人、广西民间工艺大师。邹玉特生于炮龙世家，他编扎炮龙已有50多年，不少形态威猛、栩栩如生的炮龙就出自他的手中。
“舞炮龙代表着团结、勇敢、进取、无畏的精神内涵，大家非常喜欢。今年春节期间，我出售了15条预定的炮龙。我还制作了1000条适合小朋友舞动的小手工艺龙，供不应求。”邹玉特说。
游客脖上挂着鞭炮等待炸炮龙。 俞靖 摄舞炮龙是宾阳县民众春节中最热闹的活动，在外漂泊的宾阳人都会从四面八方赶回来。中新网记者当天走访三联社区，只见这里张灯结彩，宾客盈门，老人小孩、亲朋好友、乡里乡亲团团圆圆，其乐融融。众多游客参加当地灯酒百家宴，品尝特色美食。
舞炮龙活动在夜幕中进入狂欢高潮。 俞靖 摄当天19时，舞炮龙活动在夜幕中进入狂欢高潮。一条条游龙汇聚庙堂，待族上长者手执鸡头，醮血点睛，炮龙开光仪式完成。顿时，锣鼓喧天，炮竹齐鸣，一条条巨龙腾跃而起，穿行在电光炮火中，沿街道挨家挨户送去吉祥和祝福。
炮龙腾跃而起，按龙路顺序狂舞而进。 俞靖 摄舞炮龙现场，舞龙人头戴竹帽、赤裸上身，丝毫不惧鞭炮的“枪林弹雨”。炮龙所至，各家各户焚香迎龙，燃放鞭炮炸龙，“炮声不停，龙舞不止。”当地人认为，炮龙在自家门前停得越久，新的一年就会越顺利。
宾阳舞炮龙活动历史悠久，内涵丰富，不论是舞龙的形式和技巧，还是扎龙的流程和技艺，均别具一格。
炮龙挨家挨户送福。 俞靖 摄近年来，宾阳县打造炮龙旅游文化品牌，开展炮龙等非遗文化进校园活动，积极参与国内外文化展示交流，先后赴新加坡、韩国等国家交流表演，在国际上颇具盛誉。宾阳炮龙节于2008年被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录，并获评“中国最佳非物质文化遗产节庆”。
舞炮龙活动现场。 俞靖 摄据悉，今年，为舞炮龙活动安全有序、热烈喜庆，宾阳县成立服务民间舞炮龙活动工作领导小组，坚持把安全放在首要位置，明确职责，专人专班管理，确保秩序维护、交通管理、安全保障、文明舞龙、后勤服务等各项措施落细落实。
同时，借助2022年荣获“广西全域旅游示范区”称号的东风，宾阳县各景点都精心策划、盛装待客。当天，宾阳县城还举行专场文艺演出，与舞炮龙活动交相辉映，给民众带来一个丰富多彩、欢乐祥和的“东方狂欢节”。(完)
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事****** 中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。  资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。 日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。 日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。 事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。 因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。 日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。 《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。 德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。 日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。 国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。 太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business By John Lee (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year. Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business. The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster. On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year. The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public. In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run. Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public. The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution. The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community. The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses. According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan. As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment. However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact. Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad. The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies. If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence. 
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